The rules of underwater fishermen: how, how much and where to fish

Le rules of diver fishermen have been fixed in a decree that regulates underwater fishing. The document, which considers this discipline as a real sport, has been modified several times. In Italy everyone can practice this sport, always taking into account the regulations from a legislative, ethical and moral point of view.

In 2010 the Mipaaf, i.e. the Ministry of Agricultural Policies, has issued a decree which obliges those who wish to practice spearfishing to register with the census of sport fishermen. Registration involves the issue of a receipt that the sport fisherman will have to keep with him when he practices this discipline. Obviously, the document can be left in the car or in the bag, together with the other documents, during the dive, showing it when requested during a check.

The rules of underwater fishermen

After these important clarifications, let's enter the world of the rules of spearfishing.

The limits for fishing for prey

First of all it is important to underline the limit (expressed in kilos) of fish that a fisherman can catch and which is around 5 kg. But what happens if a fisherman has already caught 4 kg of prey and catches a specimen that weighs 6 kg? In this case the fishing trip will be interrupted, but, also there will be no fine. This is because – although the main rule applies – it is the prey itself that weighs more than 5 kg.

Furthermore, molluscs and crustaceans cannot be caught, unless they are cuttlefish, squid and octopuses, i.e. cephalopod molluscs. The collection of sea dates, sea cucumbers and corals is also prohibited. As for the sea urchins, on the other hand, i regulations vary according to the regions.

The distances to respect

When it comes to spearfishing and the rules of diving fishermen it is essential to respect the distances. Whoever practices this sport must therefore be at at least 500 meters away from bathers and 100 meters away from boats. What happens if bathers approach? In this case there is an absolute ban on fishing and it will be the diver who moves away and looks for another area, thus respecting the distance of 500 metres. There are also some areas where fishing is prohibited. For example in equipped beaches, in protected areas, such as natural parks and marine reserves.

Spearfishers cannot practice this sport not even in port areas and in any case they must keep away from professional fishing gear, distancing themselves by at least 100 meters from longlines and pots. To avoid causing damage, but also taking risks by getting entangled in ropes or nets. The distance also concerns the signal buoy which must be 50 meters. A fundamental reference because safety is at stake.

The rifle

The rifle can always and only load in water, away from bathers, and you must be at least 16 years old to use it. Furthermore, night fishing is prohibited and divers are only authorized to fish from sunrise to sunset.